Facebook subscriptions: Could Meta still be a friend for publishers?

One publisher trying out subscriptions on the platform thinks it could benefit others too.

Report by Charlotte Tobitt for Press Gazette

Facebook owner Meta has been “unfriending” news for more than two years, ending a long period of wooing the publishers who create much of the content shared by its users.

But while Meta may have stopped giving grants to publishers and sharing ad revenue with them, it may yet hold the key to selling online subscriptions for some titles.

Pulman’s Weekly News, a small newsbrand based in Axminster, Devon, now has more than 500 subscribers (of 1,700 Facebook followers in total) who pay £3.49 a month, less than a month after turning on Facebook subscriptions.

This suggests a total of at least £1,745 monthly from Facebook alone (Meta has said it is not taking fees on these transactions until at least the end of 2024.)

Owner Duncan Williams said: “I have always been an advocate of utilising Facebook and there is much good sense in being in the centre of today’s most popular digital arena, which is where the majority of our audience and readers already have account access, rather than expecting readers to create separate accounts on a standalone platform or paywall system.”

Williams has run Pulman’s Weekly News, founded in 1857, since 2018 when it closed in print. He previously made headlines when he bought West Country newspaper series View From for £1 two weeks after it was closed by by the previous owner but ended up being ruled personally responsible for hundreds of thousands owed to the group’s former employees and forced into bankruptcy.

Despite this experience Williams remains in local news and described working on Pulman’s as “very much a labour of love”.

“To be honest, my own family think I am crazy,” he said. “My younger brother has made a fortune in banking and thinks I am quite mad putting all my money into local media. But I still have a belief in this industry, and I always will.”

Pulman’s is also funded by a combination of Facebook advertorials, e-newsletters and providing social media design and management services for local businesses. Williams supplements it with his own freelance journalism and creating commercial videos for social media advertising.

Facebook subscribers to the Pulman’s page receive access to a dedicated subscriber discussion group, exclusive posts, videos including live broadcasts, photos and polls, a subscriber badge next to comments, and five highlighted featured comments a month on live videos.

Williams believes Facebook groups, often maintained by people prominent in their communities, are where many people now turn to for their local news in the absence of having reporters for every town and village. He described groups as “essentially the new local newspaper”.

A Charitable Journalism Project report published last year noted that Facebook was “by far the most important” social media service for local news information and that local pages and groups filled a gap in many communities. One focus group participant in Lewisham cited their local group and said it is the first place they look and “a lot of it’s trash to be honest, but a lot of it’s very useful”.

Williams feels that now a Facebook page “is actually of more value to a local publisher than a standalone website” and he has therefore been posting directly to the Pulman’s page for years rather than giving people a tease and asking them to click through – the website mimics a social media feed rather than having a traditional layout. He works with advertisers to accommodate them on the page itself and support this style of posting.

Williams said this had helped him pass the eligibility test as Meta wants people creating content specifically for the platform rather than primarily posting external links.

Facebook first introduced subscriptions, formerly known as fan subscriptions, in 2018. But they have never taken off among news publishers and may now represent an opportunity to claw something back from the platform.

To be eligible, a Facebook page must meet certain criteria including having either 10,000 followers or at least 250 return views. It must also have reached either 50,000 post engagements or 180,000 watch minutes in the previous 60 days, and be in compliance with Facebook’s monetisation policies.

Williams said: “I feel that as soon as this is made aware to most publishers, they will want to try it.”

Duncan Williams - media owner

According to the Reuters Institute Digital News Report this summer, Facebook does remain the most-used social media platform for news (17% in the UK) even though this is down from a peak of 28% in 2016.

Gen Z (currently aged up to 26) have particularly moved away from Facebook and towards Instagram, visual mobile-first media and then Tiktok since 2018.

But in a world where the platform makes up a sizeable amount of time spent yet referral traffic has plummeted and publishers nonetheless continue to post on the platform to stay in front of the Facebook native audience, topping up revenue with subscriptions from that crowd could be a nice added extra source – especially as Substack has shown people are willing to pay for a community and content they care about.

See Press Gazette -

https://pressgazette.co.uk/social_media/facebook-subscriptions-news-publishers/

ONCE CONSIDERED BY SOME TO BE EVIL, LEFT-HANDERS ARE NOW CELEBRATED - 😁👍

Report by Duncan Williams @ViewNewsUK

International Left-Handers Day, celebrated annually on August 13th, is dedicated to raising awareness and promoting the uniqueness of left-handed individuals.

The day was first observed in 1976 by Dean R. Campbell, founder of the Left-Handers International organisation. The purpose behind this day is to recognise the challenges that left-handed individuals often face in a world designed primarily for right-handed people.

Throughout history, left-handedness has been associated with various cultural beliefs and superstitions. In some societies, left-handedness was even considered a sign of evil or bad luck. This negative perception led to discrimination and even attempts to forcibly convert left-handed people to right-handedness.

Horrific stories of children being beaten on their palms by religious institutions and cruel school teachers abound, even towards the end of the 20th century. As a result of this ignorance, left-handedness has often been stigmatised for generations in countries across the world.

International Left-Handers Day seeks to change these perceptions and create a positive environment for left-handed individuals. It's a day to celebrate their contributions to society, whether in fields like art, sports, science, or any other area. It's also a reminder to acknowledge the challenges they might face in a world that's largely designed for right-handed people, from everyday tools to writing techniques.

The day often involves activities and events that raise awareness about the needs and experiences of left-handed individuals. It's also an opportunity for left-handers to come together, share their stories, and celebrate their unique traits. Social media platforms play a significant role in spreading awareness and facilitating discussions on this day.

In essence, International Left-Handers Day serves as a platform to appreciate the diversity of human experiences and to foster inclusivity, understanding, and acceptance for left-handed individuals around the world.

WEEKLY WELLBEING: WHY DOES GOD ALLOW BAD THINGS TO HAPPEN TO US? - 🙏 🌨️

The age-old question of why God, in any religious tradition, allows bad things to happen to good people is one of the most perplexing and difficult theological questions. It is a question that has troubled believers for centuries and has yet to receive a satisfactory answer. Many people have asked this question throughout history, and there have been countless attempts to provide a satisfactory answer. But despite these efforts, the question remains one of the most challenging and thought-provoking of theological puzzles.

At the heart of this question is the problem of evil. The problem of evil arises because we observe evil and suffering in the world, and we wonder why a good and loving God would allow such things to happen. This question is particularly pressing for those who believe in an all-powerful and benevolent God, as it seems that such a God would have the power to prevent evil and suffering but chooses not to do so.

There are many ways that theologians and philosophers have attempted to address this question. One common response is that God allows evil and suffering in the world as a consequence of human free will. This view holds that God has given humans the freedom to choose between good and evil, and that evil is a consequence of human choices. This explanation suggests that evil is not caused by God but by humans who use their free will to make choices that lead to suffering and harm.

Another response is that God uses suffering and evil for a greater good. This view suggests that God allows suffering and evil to exist because they serve a greater purpose in God's plan. For example, suffering and evil can help to build character and foster spiritual growth, or they can serve as a test of faith and an opportunity for humans to demonstrate their trust in God.

Still, others argue that the problem of evil is not a problem at all. They suggest that it is simply part of the human experience and that the existence of evil and suffering does not necessarily contradict the idea of a loving and benevolent God. Some suggest that it is simply impossible for us humans to fully understand the ways of God, and that we must accept that there are some things we may never fully understand. 

We know that there is darkness and that there is light. There is survival and there is death. There is good and there is bad. Why exactly this is the case, we cannot give a satisfactory answer to. Ultimately, it is up to each individual to decide how they will reconcile the existence of evil and suffering with their faith in a loving God. 

However, one thing is certain, the question itself is a reminder of the great mystery and complexity of the divine. It continually challenges us to deepen our insight and understanding of the dual forces at work both in our universe, and within ourselves. 

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A Faith & Ethics Report by Duncan Williams @NewsAdvertiser

How regional newsrooms can use AI to protect the ‘lifeblood of local journalism’

Regional journalism experts appear optimistic generative AI can help their snowed-under newsrooms.

By João Santos for Press Gazette 

A WAN-IFRA survey has found that half of newsrooms are already deploying generative AI in some form or another.

Large language models quickly garnered the attention of Reach, Buzzfeed, Conde Nast and other publishers across the globe over the past six months for its potential to streamline editorial processes.

In particular the free-to-access ChatGPT has fast shown its potential to reinvent the way content is produced and journalism is done. But in local news outlets hard-pressed for time and staff, is the adoption of AI likely to be an opportunity or a threat?

AI vs the humans in local journalism

A number of UK regional news publishers have already realised that AI-generated news stories could free up journalists to concentrate on more meaningful reporting.

Duncan Williams, the managing director and proprietor of Pulman’s Weekly News in south east Devon, said: “AI has got huge advantages to help journalists, particularly in the regional sector, but it’s not yet at a level where it’s going to be able to write nitty-gritty stories.”

Rather, he said he believes the more in-depth stories produced by human journalists will carry increased significance. He wrote an op-ed in his newspaper last month emphasising the importance of human bylines for trust.

“As an editor, I would not dream of publishing a story by someone I did know the name of or who was not a trusted and credible human source,” he said. “Bylines not only protect my readers, but they also hold journalists accountable for their work.”

Dr Joy Jenkins, an assistant professor of Journalism at the University of Tennessee in Knoxville, has worked extensively on how new technologies can be sustainably introduced into local industries.

She said: “AI can be used on more basic types of reporting in order to free up journalists to do the more investigative, in-depth types of stories they’d like to do but don’t always have the time and resources to produce.”

Eliz Mizon, a media writer and communications lead at Bristol Cable, believes AI could help local journalists carry out important “institutional accountability and community cohesion” roles, potentially reversing a trend that has seen around 300 local newspaper title closures since 2005 and left others hanging by a thread.

Will AI help or hurt regional journalist numbers?

A recurring worry that crops up in discussions of AI and news is whether the technology will end up replacing journalists, particularly in light of the economic headwinds that have encouraged many publishers to lay off staff in the past year.

Jody Doherty-Cove, Newsquest‘s special projects editor, is currently at the forefront of developing, coding and implementing AI tools for over 180 newsrooms across the UK, having just helped the Gannett-owned publisher establish its first AI reporter positions.

He explained: “A common misconception in the public discourse is the notion that AI, like some malevolent force, is poised to supplant human journalists in a ruthless bid to cut costs.

“Local journalism is a craft that requires investigation, relationship building, and nuanced understanding – elements that no machine, no matter how sophisticated, can truly replicate.”

Dr Jenkins agreed, explaining that AI should be seen as a “really affordable and helpful” tool which, if used properly, can be an “extremely effective way for local journalism to maximise its resources”.

Pulman’s owner Williams added: “It would streamline both the numbers of staff required to run our titles in an economic fashion and also the actual revenue streams that are the lifeblood of local journalism.”

This is the approach that Kallum Gethins, managing director at Dorset News and editor at View From Weymouth, has taken when incorporating AI into the running of both publications.

“If we find a story, we gather the facts, make a short sentence and then bring that into the AI software which produces a three to four-paragraph article, we proofread it and publish it,” he said. “The whole process takes about ten minutes.”

Much like the advent of social media and citizen journalism, AI could therefore lower the barrier of entry into the industry, making quality and consistency more affordable.

Gethins said: “I think that all organisations should implement AI because it could help their business massively, especially if the organisation is brand new and can’t afford journalists. For instance, we probably won’t be using AI-originated content in the long term and will look for potential journalists to join our franchise.”

The challenges ahead for AI in local journalism

As automation seeps into the media industry, the utility of AI in local journalism could be as far-reaching as the industry demands.

As well as editorial tasks, Dorset News’ Gethins has begun using different AI software engines for administrative work, for example producing email templates suited to potential investors and creating budget plans.

Automation could magnify the results of advertising campaigns and help integrate local papers more fully into social media, something which, Dr Jenkins explained, has been a historical struggle for many publications.

However there are considerable challenges to overcome before AI can be fully integrated into journalism in a way that is both ethical and practical.

Doherty-Cove said: “We must ensure that AI-generated content does not escape the watchful eyes of human editors who, with human oversight and rigorous fact-checking, can ensure AI-generated content meets their exacting requirements.”

Chatbots such as ChatGPT rely on what the user feeds into it, as the data on which they were trained is in some cases out-of-date. This means the fundamental newsgathering framework which leads to a fully-fledged story is, for the moment, outside the purview of generative AI programmes.

But as Dr David Ryfe, a professor and director at the School of Journalism and Media at the University of Texas at Austin, put it: “Clay Shirky wrote over a decade ago that it is much faster to lose something than to build something else to stand in its place. That is what is happening to local journalism.”

Source: https://pressgazette.co.uk/publishers/regional-newspapers/how-regional-newsrooms-can-use-ai-to-protect-the-lifeblood-of-local-journalism/

AV Levels and Skin: Best Ways to Protect Your Skin from the Sun - 🌞☀️😎

Skin is the largest organ in the body, and it protects the body from external factors such as the sun, pollution, and environmental toxins. However, prolonged exposure to the sun can cause skin damage, including sunburn, premature aging, and skin cancer. 

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun is the primary cause of skin damage. Therefore, it is essential to protect your skin from strong sunlight. The best ways to achieve this include understanding the ultraviolet (AV) levels, applying sunscreen, wearing protective clothing, wearing sunglasses, and seeking shade. By following these simple guidelines, you can enjoy the outdoors while keeping your skin healthy and protected.

AV Levels:

The first step in protecting your skin from the sun is to understand the UV index or AV levels. The UV index is a measure of the strength of the sun's UV radiation. It ranges from 0 to 11+, with higher numbers indicating greater exposure to UV radiation. The World Health Organisation (WHO) recommends avoiding the sun during peak hours, which are typically between 10 am and 4 pm, when the UV index is highest.

Sunscreen:

Applying sunscreen is one of the best ways to protect your skin from the sun. Sunscreen works by absorbing or reflecting the sun's UV radiation. It is important to choose a sunscreen with a Sun Protection Factor (SPF) of at least 30, which blocks about 97% of UVB rays. It is also essential to choose a sunscreen that is labelled 'broad-spectrum', meaning it protects against both UVA and UVB rays. It is recommended to apply sunscreen 20-30 minutes before going outside and reapply every two hours or immediately after swimming or sweating.

Protective Clothing:

Wearing protective clothing is another way to protect your skin from the sun. Clothing with a tight weave, such as denim or canvas, provides better protection than clothing with a loose weave, such as cotton. It is also recommended to wear clothing that covers as much skin as possible, such as long-sleeved shirts, pants, and wide-brimmed hats. Some clothing is specifically designed to protect against the sun, such as UV-blocking shirts and hats.

Sunglasses:

Sunglasses are not just a fashion accessory; they also protect your eyes from the sun's UV radiation. Prolonged exposure to UV radiation can cause cataracts and other eye problems. Therefore, it is essential to wear sunglasses that block both UVA and UVB rays.

Shade:

Staying in the shade is another way to protect your skin from the sun. Shade can reduce your UV exposure by up to 50%. It is essential to seek shade during peak hours, especially if you are outside for an extended period. Shade can be provided by trees, umbrellas, or other shelters.

HAS THE ROYAL CORONATION HELPED PROMOTE A NEW ERA OF MULTI-FAITH UNITY? 👑

Report by Duncan Williams @ViewNewsUK

The coronation of King Charles III, which took place yesterday at Westminster Abbey, was a grand and historic event steeped in centuries of tradition. The ceremony was marked by the presence of dignitaries from around the world, as well as members of the British royal family, who were resplendent in their ceremonial regalia.

But as millions across the world watched the coronation ceremony, many were struck by the inclusion of multi-faith elements that reflected the diverse cultural and religious backgrounds of the people of modern Britain. For example, there were representatives from major religions, including Buddhist, Hindu, Jewish, Muslim and Sikh leaders, all present at the ceremony.

Tactfully, the coronation included a multi-faith prayer, which acknowledged the diversity of religious beliefs across the country. While the prime minister of Britain, Rishi Sunak, a practicing Hindu, was chosen to read out a well known passage from the Bible. These elements are important in a country that is becoming increasingly diverse and where many people practice religions other than Christianity, and growing numbers practice no religion at all.

So church evolves with state, and state evolves with church.

This move towards a more secular and multi-faith representation has sparked a discussion about what it means for the future of the monarchy and the country as a whole. On one hand, it can be seen as a progressive step towards acknowledging the diversity of British society and promoting inclusivity. On the other hand, some have criticised it as a dilution of the Christian traditions that have long been associated with the monarchy.

It is important to note, however, that the coronation ceremony has always been a reflection of the times in which it takes place. The first recorded coronation in England took place in 973 AD, and since then, the ceremony has evolved to reflect the changing political, social, and religious landscape of the country.

In the 21st century, Britain is a multicultural and multi-faith society, and it is only fitting that the coronation ceremony should reflect this. By including multi-faith elements, the monarchy is acknowledging the diversity of its subjects and sending a message of inclusivity and unity.

But this does not mean that the Christian traditions that have long been associated with the monarchy are being abandoned. In fact, the coronation ceremony still included many Christian elements, such as the anointing of the monarch with holy oil and the recitation of the Lord's Prayer.

Essentially, the coronation of King Charles III represents a balance between tradition and progress, between Christian symbolism and multi-faith representation. It is a reflection of the complex and diverse society that Britain has become, and a recognition that the monarchy must evolve and adapt to remain relevant in the 21st century.

As King Charles III begins his reign, he will be faced with many challenges, including the ongoing debate about the role of the monarchy in modern society. But by embracing multi-faith representation in his coronation ceremony, he has sent a powerful message of inclusivity and unity that will resonate with people of all faiths and backgrounds.

It is important to note that the coronation is just one significant event, and it should not be seen as a definitive answer to the question of how to acknowledge the wide assortment of cultural and religious beliefs among the people of the country. However, it does raise important questions about the role of religion in British society and how we can create a more inclusive and representative society that acknowledges and celebrates our various beliefs.

Historically, the coronation of King Charles III may be best remembered as a moment when the monarchy embraced the religious diversity of its subjects and sent out a positive message of hope and unity, not just within Britain but to the rest of the world.

A DARK PAGAN NIGHT OR NATURE'S TIMELY NEW DAWN? 🌙 ☀️

A report by Duncan Williams

On April 30th many pagans and non-pagans alike will celebrate Walpurgisnacht, a festival with a rich history and deep significance on the esoteric calendar. While it is often associated with witchcraft and the occult, it has roots that go much deeper, speaking to the human desire to connect with the cycles of nature and the alleged 'spiritual forces' that govern them.

The origins of Walpurgisnacht can be traced back to the ancient Germanic and Celtic peoples who inhabited what is now Europe. These cultures marked the transition between winter and spring with elaborate festivals, complete with bonfires, feasting, and rituals designed to appease the spirits of nature and ensure a bountiful harvest. 

As Christianity began to spread throughout the continent, many of these older pagan customs were absorbed into a new church governed doctrine. The date of April 30th came to be associated with the feast day of Saint Walpurga, an eighth-century nun who was revered as a protector against witchcraft and demonic possession.

Despite these Christian associations, Walpurgisnacht continued to be celebrated in many parts of Europe as a pagan festival. In Germany, it is known as Hexennacht or 'Witches' Night,' and is marked by bonfires, dancing, and rituals that invoke the spirits of the earth and sky. In Scandinavia, it is called Valborgsmässoafton, and is celebrated with singing, drinking, and the lighting of bonfires to scare away evil spirits.

For many modern pagans, Walpurgisnacht is a time to honour the goddess of spring and fertility, and to reaffirm their connection to the natural world. It is a time to celebrate new beginnings and growth, and to reflect on the cycles of life and death that govern all living things. In some traditions, it is also seen as a time to commune with the spirits of the dead, and to seek guidance and wisdom from ancestors who have passed on.

Of course, like any ancient festival, Walpurgisnacht has also been associated with darker themes. In some cultures, it was believed that the veil between the worlds of the living and the dead was thinnest on this night, and that supernatural beings such as witches and demons were more likely to be abroad. This fear of the unknown and the unseen has given rise to many legends and superstitions surrounding Walpurgisnacht, and has contributed to its enduring popularity as a time of mystery and magick.

So what is the significance of Walpurgisnacht in the modern world? For some, it is a reminder of the richness and complexity of our spiritual heritage, and a call to reflect upon the ancient traditions that have shaped our understanding of the world. For others, it is an opportunity to celebrate the beauty and power of mother nature, and to recognise our own place within it. And for still others, it is simply a chance to gather with friends and family, to light a fire and raise a toast to the mysteries of the universe.

Whatever your perspective, Walpurgisnacht remains a significant date and does warrant some acknowledgement. After all, whether anthropologist or theologian, we find ourselves embarking on a new era of eco-consciousness. We have a timely need to re-evaluate our past relationship with nature and to repair our lost respect.

Perhaps it would be wise to take a moment to reflect upon the history and relevance of this ancient celebration of Walpurgisnacht. To honour the enduring legacy of those who have come before us, and to carefully consider the path of those who will be here after us.

EARTH DAY REMINDS US THAT THIS PLANET IS OUR ONLY HOME - 🌎

Report by Duncan Williams 

On Saturday April 22nd, people all around the world will come together to celebrate Earth Day, a day dedicated to raising awareness about the importance of protecting our planet and taking action to address environmental issues. First celebrated in 1970, Earth Day has become an annual event that brings together individuals, organisations, and governments to promote environmental education, sustainability, and conservation.

The significance of Earth Day cannot be overstated. As our planet faces the impacts of climate change, pollution, deforestation, and other environmental challenges, it is more important than ever to take action to protect our natural resources and preserve them for future generations. Both humans and all other animal species depend upon this planet as our shared home.

Respected naturalist David Attenborough has stated: "It's surely our responsibility to do everything within our power to create a planet that provides a home not just for us, but for all life on Earth."

One of the most pressing environmental issues facing our planet is climate change. Rising temperatures, extreme weather events, and sea level rise are just a few of the consequences of climate change that have already been felt around the world. In order to mitigate the effects of climate change and prevent further damage, it is essential that we invest in renewable energy, reduce our carbon footprint, and advocate for policies that promote sustainability.

Investing in our planet is not only wise, but it is also essential for future generations. By taking action now to protect our environment, we can ensure that our children and grandchildren inherit a healthy and sustainable planet. In addition, investing in renewable energy and sustainable technologies can create new jobs and stimulate economic growth, while also reducing our dependence on fossil fuels and other non-renewable resources.

What will you be doing this weekend to mark and celebrate this event?

There are many ways that individuals and organisations can get involved in Earth Day and take action to protect our planet. Some ideas include participating in local clean-up events, reducing your own carbon footprint by driving less or using energy-efficient appliances, advocating for policies that promote sustainability, and supporting businesses and organisations that prioritise environmental responsibility.

Ultimately, the significance of Earth Day is that it reminds us of our responsibility to protect and preserve our planet. By working together and taking action to address environmental issues, we can ensure a healthier, more sustainable future for ourselves and for generations to come.

How to Find Hope When You Feel Hopeless: A Brief Guide to Overcoming Despair - 🙏

Report by Duncan Williams 

Hopelessness can be a debilitating feeling that can leave us feeling lost, alone, and without direction. It can be overwhelming and all-consuming, making it difficult to see a way forward. However, it is important to remember that even in the darkest of times, there is always hope.

So, how do we find hope when we feel hopeless?

The first step is to acknowledge our feelings and accept them. It's okay to feel hopeless, and it's important to allow ourselves to experience these emotions. Suppressing them will only make things worse in the long run.

Next, it's essential to seek help and support. Whether it's talking to a friend, family member, or a professional, reaching out for help can be a crucial step in finding hope. Often, just having someone to talk to can make all the difference.

Another way to find hope is to focus on the present moment, keeping it in the here and now. Instead of worrying about the future or dwelling on the past, try to stay present and focus on what you can do right now to improve your situation. This could be as simple as taking a walk outside or practicing mindfulness meditation.

It's also important to remember that setbacks and failures are a normal part of life. We all experience them, and they do not define us. Instead, try to learn from these experiences and use them as an opportunity for growth and self-improvement.

For many, it can be helpful to find inspiration in others. Whether it's reading about someone who has overcome adversity or listening to a motivational speaker, finding inspiration in others can help us to see that there is always a way forward, no matter how difficult things may seem. Some religious texts and inspirational literature can be a great help here.

In truth, finding hope when we feel hopeless is not easy, but it is possible. By acknowledging our feelings, seeking help, staying present, learning from setbacks, and finding inspiration in others, we can overcome despair and find a way forward. Remember, even in the darkest of times, there is always hope.

SOME HOME TRUTHS ABOUT THIS ANNUAL DAY OF DECEPTION - 🃏😂

Report by Duncan Williams 

April Fool's Day, also known as All Fool's Day, is a day when people play practical jokes and spread hoaxes. It is celebrated on April 1st in many countries around the world, but have you ever wondered how this tradition began?

The origins of April Fool's Day are uncertain, and there are several theories as to how it came to be. One theory suggests that it dates back to the 16th century, when France switched from the Julian calendar to the Gregorian calendar. The new calendar moved the start of the year from April 1st to January 1st, but some people continued to celebrate the new year on April 1st. These people were mocked and called "April fools" by those who followed the new calendar, and the tradition of playing pranks on April 1st began.

Another theory suggests that April Fool's Day has roots in ancient Roman festivals, such as Hilaria, which was celebrated at the end of March. During this festival, people would play pranks on each other and wear disguises.

Regardless of its origins, April Fool's Day has become a widely celebrated tradition in many countries. Here in the UK it's regarded as open season for tricks, leg pulling and laughs.

One of the most famous April Fool's Day pranks was the BBC's "Spaghetti Tree Hoax" in 1957. The news programme aired a segment about a Swiss family harvesting spaghetti from trees, and many viewers believed it to be true. The prank demonstrated the power of the media to influence public opinion and the gullibility of the audience.

In recent years, April Fool's Day has taken on a new dimension with the rise of social media. Brands and companies often participate in the day by creating fake products or services, and many people use the day as an opportunity to share fake news stories or hoaxes.

While April Fool's Day may be seen as a lighthearted and fun tradition, it raises important questions about trust, deception, and the power of information.

Just think about the recent viral hoo-ha the AI generated pictures of the Pope, supposedly 'wearing' a giant white puffer jacket, have caused across social media.

In an age when misinformation is rampant and trust in institutions is low, it is crucial to be aware of the potential for deception and to approach information with a critical eye.

So, as you prepare to celebrate April Fool's Day this year, remember that the tradition has a deep and complex history, and that the pranks and hoaxes you encounter may be more than just harmless fun.

HERE'S TO THE DOUBTING THOMAS ON THE NEWSDESK - 🗞️📰

Report by Duncan Williams 

As journalists, the pursuit of truth is at the heart of our work. We strive to uncover the facts, to report them honestly and accurately, and to hold those in power accountable for their actions. In this pursuit, doubt can be a useful and even necessary trait.

I say this as someone who has had a rollercoaster ride of a journalistic career and has worked on everything from local newspapers to national splash tabloids to Christian good news magazines. Having doubt is no bad thing.

First and foremost, doubt helps us to avoid confirming our own biases. We all have preconceived notions and beliefs that can colour our perceptions and lead us astray. By maintaining a healthy dose of skepticism, we can challenge our assumptions and ensure that we are not simply reporting what we want to hear.

Furthermore, doubt can help us to be more thorough in our reporting. When we encounter a piece of information that seems too good to be true, our instinct may be to run with it and publish it immediately. But by questioning the veracity of that information and digging deeper to confirm its accuracy, we can avoid spreading misinformation and damaging our credibility.

Doubt also allows us to be more open-minded in our reporting. As journalists, we often encounter complex issues with no easy answers. By maintaining a sense of doubt and uncertainty, we can approach these issues with a willingness to listen to multiple perspectives and to consider all the available evidence before drawing conclusions.

Paradoxically, doubt can also serve as a powerful motivator for our work. By acknowledging that we don't know everything and that there is always more to learn, we can stay curious and driven to uncover new information and tell stories that matter.

Of course, there is a danger in allowing doubt to overshadow our work. Too much skepticism can lead to paralysis, preventing us from making decisions and taking action. But when doubt is used in the right way, as a tool to challenge our assumptions and push us to be more thorough and open-minded in our reporting, it can be an invaluable asset for any journalist.

So in my experience in news reporting, skepticism and doubt are not weaknesses for a journalist, but a necessary part of the pursuit of truth. By staying curious, open-minded, and willing to question our own assumptions, we can ensure that our reporting is accurate, thorough, and serves the public interest.

COULD ROBOT TECHNOLOGY REPLACE YOUR LOCAL VICAR?

Report by Duncan Williams @ViewNewsUK

As technology advances and becomes more integrated into our daily lives, it's natural to wonder what role it may play in our spiritual practices.

One area of possible interest is the idea of using AI (artificial intelligence) robot technology to create digital church ministers, capable of hearing online confessions and delivering religious sermons. Perhaps even hosting religious programmes and faith themed media events. Like a sort of non-existent but visible video vicar.

While this may seem like a futuristic and 'exciting' possibility, it's important to consider the potential drawbacks and limitations of relying on AI for such important roles.

One of the main reasons why an AI robot priest is unlikely to be as popular as a human being is the lack of emotional connection and empathy that they can provide. As humans, we naturally crave connection and understanding, especially when it comes to our spiritual lives. When we confess our sins or seek guidance from a religious leader, we want to feel heard and understood on a deep, emotional level. While an AI robot may be able to provide logical and rational advice, it cannot offer the same level of emotional connection that a human minister can.

Another potential limitation of using robots in this capacity is their inability to interpret the nuances of human behaviour and language. When delivering a sermon or counselling someone, a human minister can pick up on subtle cues such as body language, tone of voice, and facial expressions, which can inform their response and help them to better understand the person they are speaking with. An AI robot, on the other hand, may not be able to interpret these nuances as effectively, leading to a less meaningful and impactful interaction.

Also, there is the question of authenticity. When we attend church or seek guidance from a religious leader, we are often looking for a sense of authenticity and sincerity. We want to feel that the person we are speaking with truly believes in what they are saying and is genuinely invested in our well-being. It's difficult to imagine an AI robot being able to convey this same level of authenticity, as their responses are predetermined and programmed, rather than coming from a place of personal conviction and belief.

Of course, it's worth noting that there are possible benefits to using AI robots as ministers. They may be able to offer a more consistent and reliable experience, for example, or provide a level of objectivity that human ministers may struggle with. They might also alleviate the burdens of an overly busy church leader, freeing up their time to focus on other forms of outreach. 

However, it's important to weigh these potential benefits against the obvious limitations and drawbacks any rudimentary theologian would express. The connection with divinity surely requires human intercedence. Isn't this, after all, the pivotal reason why the Christian God offered salvation to man in the person of a real human being in the first place?

Moreover, if an AI robot is programmed to provide specific religious teachings or advice, what happens if those teachings conflict with the beliefs or values of the person seeking guidance? Who is responsible if an AI robot provides harmful or damaging advice? These are complex and important ethical questions that must be carefully considered before we might seriously consider implementing AI robots as church ministers.

In the end, while the idea of using robots as religious ministers may seem exciting and futuristic, it's important to approach this topic with caution and careful consideration. While technology can certainly offer benefits and enhancements to our spiritual practices, it cannot fully replace the emotional connection and authenticity that we seek in our interactions with religious leaders. Ultimately, the decision of whether to rely on AI robots in this capacity will depend on a variety of factors, including cultural attitudes towards technology, ethical considerations, spiritual needs and individual preferences and beliefs.

Some serious human discussion on this subject, sooner rather than later, can only be a good thing.

HAS THE LAST CALL ARRIVED FOR YOUR LOCAL PHONE BOX? 📞

The red public telephone box is an iconic symbol of British heritage and history. It would be a great shame if we lost them altogether, even if in an increasingly cashless society we seem to use them less and less.

First introduced in 1921, these telephone kiosks quickly became ubiquitous across the UK, and are still a familiar sight on many of our streets today.

In rural areas, including some parts of the South West of England, with poor mobile reception or signal drop-out, the phone box can still offer a vital means of communication.

The familiar design for the red telephone box was created by Sir Giles Gilbert Scott, a prominent architect of the time. His design was selected from a competition held by the General Post Office (GPO), which was responsible for the country's telephone service at the time. The box was designed to be sturdy and weatherproof, with a distinctive domed roof and a bright red colour that made it easily visible on busy streets.

The first red telephone boxes were made of cast iron, with the distinctive red paintwork applied by hand. Over time, the design was refined, and later models were made of concrete and other materials. The interior of the box also evolved, with early models featuring a wooden shelf to hold the telephone directory, and later models featuring a metal shelf and a light bulb to illuminate the interior at night.

During World War II, many red telephone boxes were painted green to reduce their visibility and protect them from enemy bombing. After the war, they were gradually repainted in their original red colour, and new models were introduced with improved features such as automatic doors and push-button dialling.

Despite the rise of mobile phones and other communication technologies, the red telephone box remains an important part of British culture and heritage. Many of the older models have been preserved or restored, and some have even been converted into mini libraries, art installations, and other creative uses. There must be many other ways to keep them from rusting away into insignificance.

In recent years, there has been a growing movement to protect and preserve these iconic structures, with many communities campaigning to keep them in place even as the need for public telephones has dwindled. In recognition of their cultural significance, the red telephone box was granted Grade II listed status in 1985, and many individual boxes have also been listed as historic buildings.

Today, the red telephone box stands as a testament to the ingenuity and creativity of British design, as well as a symbol of the country's communications history and heritage. 

Whether they are used for their original purpose or repurposed for new uses, these iconic structures remain an important part of the English landscape, and a source of inspiration and pride for generations to come.

Use them don't lose them. We'd miss them if they all suddenly vanished.

In the event of your own town's red kiosk being threatened with disconnection as an active phone box, what novel ideas might you put forward that it could be usefully turned into? 

Report by Duncan Williams for @ViewFromUK

DON'T LET OUR FOOD BANKS GO BUST - WE NEED THEM NOW MORE THAN EVER... 🍞

Report from the Editor's Desk by Duncan Williams 

The West Country is facing a growing cost of living crisis, with an increasing number of families relying on food banks to make ends meet. The cost of living has risen dramatically over the past few months, with the cost of essential items such as food, housing, and energy increasing at a faster rate than wages.

According to recent figures, the number of people accessing food banks in the West Country has risen by over 50% in the past year alone. This is a worrying trend that highlights the extent of the problem facing many families in the region.

The rise in food bank use is not just a problem for low-income families, but also for those on middle incomes who are struggling to make ends meet. Many families are finding it difficult to afford basic necessities such as food and heating, and are being forced to turn to food banks to put food on the table.

The reasons for the cost of living crisis are complex, with many factors contributing to the problem. Rising energy bills, increasing food prices, and the high cost of housing are all contributing to the problem, and many families are finding it difficult to keep up with the rising cost of living.

The government has come under increasing pressure to take action to address the cost of living crisis, and to provide support for families who are struggling to make ends meet. However, critics argue that the government's response has been inadequate, and that more needs to be done to address this growing problem.

Many charities and community groups are stepping in to help, with food banks and other support services providing a vital lifeline for families in need. However, these services are often stretched to the limit, and many are struggling to keep up with the growing demand.

The cost of living crisis is a growing problem in the West Country, and one that needs urgent attention from policymakers at all levels. Unless action is taken soon, the number of families relying on food banks is likely to continue to rise, with devastating consequences for those who are already struggling to make ends meet.

If you need emergency food, want to make a food donation or are interested in volunteering, you can find your nearest Trussell Trust food bank using this map.

https://www.trusselltrust.org/get-help/find-a-foodbank/

FOX HUNTING : SHOULD THE BAN BE REVIEWED? 🦊

Since the Hunting Act 2004 was passed, fox hunting with dogs has been banned in the United Kingdom. However, the debate over whether or not the ban should remain in place continues to rage on.

On one hand, animal rights activists argue that fox hunting is a cruel and barbaric practice that has no place in modern society. They point to the fact that foxes are often chased for miles by packs of hounds, only to be ripped apart by the dogs once caught. They also argue that fox hunting is not an effective means of controlling fox populations, as there are far more humane methods available, such as shooting or trapping.

On the other hand, supporters of fox hunting argue that it is a traditional countryside pursuit that is an important part of rural life in the UK. They argue that foxes are a pest that need to be controlled, as they can cause significant damage to livestock and other wildlife. They also argue that the ban on fox hunting has led to a decline in rural economies, as many businesses that rely on hunting, such as kennels and farriers, have been forced to close.

Despite the ban, fox hunting continues to take place in some parts of the UK, albeit illegally. Pro-hunting groups argue that the ban has done little to stop the practice, and has simply driven it underground. They also argue that the police and other authorities are wasting valuable resources trying to enforce the ban, when they could be tackling more serious crimes.

The debate over fox hunting is likely to continue for many years to come. While animal rights activists will no doubt continue to call for the ban to remain in place, supporters of hunting will continue to argue that it is an important part of rural life in the UK. Ultimately, the decision over whether or not to lift the ban will rest with whoever is in government and if there is ever enough public demand to see the ban either reviewed or completely overturned by repealing the law. 

What do historic and local readers of Pulman's Weekly News think about this issue? Our patch had hosted fox hunting for generations prior to the ban.

Westminster's voice is one thing but what do rural residents actually feel about this matter? Are we really well shot of hunting down the British fox, all for the better and all for good?

Farmers across East Devon and South Somerset have always held particularly strong views on this matter. 

So please, with the 20th anniversary of the introduction of the ban fast approaching us, let's hear your honest opinions on this contentious subject of fox hunting.

Report by Duncan Williams @ViewNewsUK

HERE'S WHY YOU CANNOT BEAT A TRADITIONAL FAMILY SUNDAY ROAST - 😋 🍽️

Sunday lunch has long been considered a tradition for many families, with its roots in religious observance and a time for communal gathering. In modern times, it has become a symbol of family togetherness and a chance for loved ones to catch up and connect over a shared meal.

Research has shown that families who eat together regularly have stronger bonds and better communication skills. Sunday lunch offers the perfect opportunity for families to come together and strengthen those connections. It allows for a time of uninterrupted conversation, where family members can share their thoughts and feelings in a relaxed and comfortable environment.

In today's fast-paced world, finding time to connect with loved ones can be a challenge. Work schedules, school commitments, and extracurricular activities often leave little time for quality family time. Sunday lunch offers a designated time for families to slow down and enjoy each other's company.

Sharing a meal together also has numerous health benefits. Studies have shown that children who eat with their families regularly have a lower risk of obesity, substance abuse, and depression. It also encourages healthier eating habits, as families can prepare and enjoy nutritious meals together.

A proper Sunday roast can also serve as a way to pass down family traditions and values. It provides an opportunity for older family members to share stories and memories with younger generations, passing down family recipes and cultural traditions.

Furthermore, Sunday lunch can be an affordable way for families to enjoy a delicious meal without breaking the bank. Instead of eating out at expensive restaurants, families can prepare a home-cooked meal together and enjoy it in the comfort of their own home.

So it's agreed, Sunday lunch is an important tradition that offers families a chance to connect, communicate, and create lasting memories together. It provides an opportunity for family members to slow down and enjoy each other's company, while also promoting healthy eating habits and passing down family traditions. So this Sunday, consider gathering your loved ones around the table for a memorable meal and some quality family time.

Report by Duncan Williams @ViewNewsUK

TOGETHER WE CAN STOP THE DEALERS - 💉 💊💊

Report from the Editor's Desk by Duncan Williams

In recent years, there has been a worrying rise in county lines drug dealing in towns across the South West of England. 

The police do a commendable job but members of our communities can also help by spotting the signs of drug supply chains and dealers targeting our towns. 

County lines refers to a type of drug dealing where criminal gangs from urban areas expand their drug operations into smaller towns and rural areas, using dedicated phone lines to take orders and arrange deals.

Small towns in East Devon and South Somerset can be ripe for county lines exploitation. Looking for quick profit and creating only misery.

This type of drug dealing has had a devastating impact on local communities, leading to increased levels of violence, exploitation, and drug addiction. However, there are steps that can be taken to combat county lines drug dealing and protect vulnerable individuals from harm.

One approach is to improve communication and collaboration between police at the local, regional, and national levels. By sharing intelligence and resources, police forces can identify and disrupt county lines drug networks, apprehend those responsible, and prevent further harm to local communities.

Another key strategy is to support vulnerable individuals who are at risk of being exploited by county lines gangs. This includes providing access to education, employment, and housing, as well as offering drug treatment services and support for mental health issues.

Furthermore, it is essential to connect with local communities and raise awareness of the dangers of county lines drug dealing. This can be done through targeted campaigns, education programmes, and community-based initiatives that encourage people to report suspicious activity and seek support if they are affected by drug addiction or exploitation.

Never be afraid to report something suspicious to the police, either directly or online.

Overall, tackling county lines drug dealing requires a multi-faceted approach that involves law enforcement, social services, and community engagement. By working together, we can prevent the spread of this destructive activity and protect vulnerable individuals from harm.

Without demand there can be no rewards available in the county lines supply chain. If you feel you have a problem with addiction yourself then contact Narcotics Anonymous or Alcoholics anonymous. These organisations are free, confidential and offer solutions that have been proven to work.

For information and help  - www.ukna.org

HOW TO REDUCE HEATING COSTS - 🥶 🥵 😊

As temperatures drop across the West Country, many people are concerned about keeping themselves and their homes warm without breaking the bank. With energy prices on the rise, it is important to find ways to save on heating bills while maintaining a comfortable living environment.

One of the simplest ways to save on heating bills is to adjust the thermostat. Lowering the temperature by just a few degrees can make a significant difference in energy consumption and cost. Experts recommend setting the thermostat to 68°F during the day and turning it down to 60°F at night or when no one is home.

Another way to save on heating bills is to seal any air leaks around windows, doors, and other openings. Drafts can allow cold air to enter and warm air to escape, making it harder to maintain a consistent temperature. Weatherstripping, caulking, and door sweeps can help prevent drafts and improve energy efficiency.

Using a programmable thermostat can also help save on heating bills. These devices allow homeowners to automatically adjust the temperature based on their schedule, so the heat is only on when needed. Smart thermostats can even learn a household's habits and adjust the temperature accordingly, further reducing energy consumption.

Making sure that heating equipment is well-maintained can also help reduce heating bills. Regularly cleaning and replacing air filters can improve efficiency and reduce energy consumption. It is also important to have heating systems professionally serviced on a regular basis to ensure they are running smoothly and efficiently.

Finally, using alternative heating sources can help reduce heating bills. For example, using a space heater to warm a single room instead of heating the entire house can be more energy-efficient. However, it is important to use space heaters safely and follow manufacturer's instructions to prevent accidents. 

By following these tips, homeowners can hopefully stay warm and comfortable during the colder months while also saving on heating bills. It is important to remember that even small changes can make a big difference in energy consumption and cost, so it is worth taking the time to implement these energy-saving measures.

WE INVEST IN PEOPLE 😊

Investing in people who invest in you is a philosophy that has been gaining traction in recent years, and for good reason. It's a simple concept that can have a profound impact on both individuals and businesses alike. In essence, it's about recognising the value of the people who support you, and making a concerted effort to give back to them in meaningful ways.

At its core, investing in people who invest in you is about building strong relationships. Whether it's with employees, customers, or partners, it's important to recognise the contributions that others make to your success, and to show your appreciation in tangible ways. This can take many forms, from providing training and development opportunities for your staff, to offering discounts or special promotions to loyal customers or partners.

One of the key benefits of investing in people who invest in you is that it can foster a sense of loyalty and commitment. When individuals feel that their contributions are valued and appreciated, they are more likely to go above and beyond in their efforts to support your business. This can translate into increased productivity, higher customer retention rates, and stronger partnerships.

In addition to these tangible benefits, investing in people who invest in you can also have a positive impact on your reputation and brand image. When others see that you are committed to building strong relationships and supporting those who support you, they are more likely to view your business in a positive light. This can lead to increased brand loyalty and a stronger overall reputation in the marketplace.

Of course, investing in people who invest in you is not just about the benefits it can bring to your business. It's also about doing the right thing and recognising the value of others. In a world that can often feel impersonal and transactional, taking the time to build genuine relationships and show appreciation for others can be a powerful way to make a difference.

Ultimately, investing in people who invest in you is an important philosophy that can have far-reaching benefits for both individuals and businesses. By acknowledging the value of the people who support you and making a concerted effort to give back to them in meaningful ways, you can build strong relationships, foster loyalty and commitment, and enhance your reputation and brand image. So, whether you're a business owner, a manager, or just an individual looking to make a positive impact, consider investing in the people who invest in you – you won't regret it!